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Fanihi: Mariana Fruit Bat
Bats in the old World family Pteropodidae have very large eyes and excellent eyesight in low light, but do not use echolocation. Within the Pteropodidae family, bats in the genus Pteropus are known as flying fox because their face and ears resembles a fox or small dog. The bats found on Guam are Pteropus mariannus, locally called fanihi or fruit bats.
Kumision I Fino’ CHamoru/Chamorro Language Commission
Created by public law in 1964, the Kumision I Fino’ Chamorro, or Chamorro Language Commission, was established as the recognized authority on Chamorro language policy for the island of Guam. Tasked with the primary duty of describing and prescribing the Chamorro language in its written form, the commission was also mandated to prepare an updated Chamorro-English dictionary.
Chamorro Orthography
Though the Chamorro language was spoken by the people of the Marianas long before European expeditions made their way to the Pacific, its written form is still relatively new, with the most significant efforts toward standardization emerging only within the last fifty years.
US Naval Hospital, Guam 1962-Present
In 1962 the Naval Hospital provided the services of a typical community hospital to active duty members, retirees, and their dependents, and veterans at its current location in Agana Heights.
Nursing Program, University of Guam
In 1966, a two-year associate of science degree nursing program began at the College of Guam, the predecessor of the University of Guam. It has since evolved into the current four-year bachelor of science in nursing program.
Guam Pattera: Changing Birth Practices (1950-1960)
A significant change in the use and availability of nurse-midwives occurred in the 1950s and 1960s. The shift away from midwife-assisted home births to hospital births was apparent during this time.
Medical and Dental Practitioners
On March 15, 1946, in an attempt to further improve medical care for the rapidly expanding island population, the Navy established a School of Medical Practitioners which offered a four-year course in general medicine leading to eligibility for certification as a Medical Practitioner.
Health Services
When the US military recaptured Guam from Japanese forces in July to August 1944, temporary field hospitals were established in secured areas of the Hågat and Anigua beachheads. Both civilian and military wards were later moved to a complex of metal buildings in the village of Tamuning.
Nursing Schools: 1945-1952
At the end of World War II, in August 1945, a three-year nursing program was re-established in Guam by the US Navy. It was called the US Naval Hospital School for Native Nurses and then renamed the US Naval Hospital School of Nursing in 1946.
Health Services During WWII
No official records of health activities during the Japanese occupation are known to have survived World War II. Although health services were offered free-of-charge to civilians who came to the hospital, many were reluctant to do so except in dire emergency.